The urine which is filtered from the kidneys contains minerals like calcium, phosphorus, sodium, uric acid, oxalates.If the saturation of these minerals increases in the urine because of increased solutes content or decreased water  or if the flow of urine is retarded  for any reason there is a risk of deposition and aggregation of these minerals resulting in stone formation. Stone formation is influenced by dietary factors, nature and amount of fluid intake, age, sex, climate, geography, hygiene, race, occupation.